function MM_preloadImages() { //v3.0 var d=document; if(d.images){ if(!d.MM_p) d.MM_p=new Array(); var i,j=d.MM_p.length,a=MM_preloadImages.arguments; for(i=0; i0&&parent.frames.length) { d=parent.frames[n.substring(p+1)].document; n=n.substring(0,p);} if(!(x=d[n])&&d.all) x=d.all[n]; for (i=0;!x&&i 2) { if ((img = MM_findObj(args[2])) != null && !img.MM_init) { img.MM_init = true; img.MM_up = args[3]; img.MM_dn = img.src; if ((nbArr = document[grpName]) == null) nbArr = document[grpName] = new Array(); nbArr[nbArr.length] = img; for (i=4; i < args.length-1; i+=2) if ((img = MM_findObj(args[i])) != null) { if (!img.MM_up) img.MM_up = img.src; img.src = img.MM_dn = args[i+1]; nbArr[nbArr.length] = img; } } } else if (event == "over") { document.MM_nbOver = nbArr = new Array(); for (i=1; i < args.length-1; i+=3) if ((img = MM_findObj(args[i])) != null) { if (!img.MM_up) img.MM_up = img.src; img.src = (img.MM_dn && args[i+2]) ? args[i+2] : ((args[i+1])? args[i+1] : img.MM_up); nbArr[nbArr.length] = img; } } else if (event == "out" ) { for (i=0; i < document.MM_nbOver.length; i++) { img = document.MM_nbOver[i]; img.src = (img.MM_dn) ? img.MM_dn : img.MM_up; } } else if (event == "down") { nbArr = document[grpName]; if (nbArr) for (i=0; i < nbArr.length; i++) { img=nbArr[i]; img.src = img.MM_up; img.MM_dn = 0; } document[grpName] = nbArr = new Array(); for (i=2; i < args.length-1; i+=2) if ((img = MM_findObj(args[i])) != null) { if (!img.MM_up) img.MM_up = img.src; img.src = img.MM_dn = (args[i+1])? args[i+1] : img.MM_up; nbArr[nbArr.length] = img; MP_swap_text(args[2]); } } } function MP_swap_text(source) { var buttons = []; //compliance buttons[0]='%3Cp%3EThe%20information%20age%20has%20led%20to%20a%20heightened%20concern%20that%20personal%20and%20business%20information%20is%20not%20being%20protected.%20The%20high%20speed%20at%20which%20private%20information%20can%20be%20used%20and%20shared%2C%20most%20often%20without%20permission%2C%20enables%20and%20increases%20the%20possibility%20of%20identity%20theft%20and%20other%20unauthorized%20use%20of%20personal%20and%20business%20information.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cspan%3ECompliance%3C/span%3E%20is%20the%20process%20of%20becoming%20in%20accordance%20with%20legislative%20or%20industry%20mandates%20as%20well%20with%20internal%20policies%2C%20and%20the%20actual%20state%20of%20being%20in%20accordance%20with%20these%20requirements.%20%20%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AAs%20compliance%20has%20become%20a%20concern%20of%20corporate%20management%20for%20different%20industries%2C%20organizations%20are%20turning%20to%20specialized%20consultancy%20services%20and%20even%20new%20job%20positions.%20Because%20business%20owners%20became%20more%20aware%20of%20security%20risks%20and%20financial%20implications%2C%20and%20considering%20the%20emerging%20national%20and%20EU%20law%20context%2C%20the%20regulatory%20compliance%20has%20became%20a%20prevalent%20business%20concern.%20Reasons%20may%20be%20the%20increased%20number%20of%20laws%20or%2C%20most%20likely%2C%20the%20lack%20of%20understanding%20of%20these%20regulations%20%28lack%20of%20competent%20or%20assigned%20internal%20personnel%2C%20or%20inappropriate%20and%20unclear%20laws%20released%20with%20little%20context%20consideration%29.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; //governace buttons[1]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan%3EGovernance%3C/span%3E%20focuses%20on%20creating%20organizational%20transparency%20by%20defining%20the%20mechanisms%20an%20organization%20uses%20to%20ensure%20that%20its%20constituents%20follow%20established%20processes%20and%20policies.%20A%20proper%20governance%20strategy%20implements%20systems%20to%20monitor%20and%20record%20current%20business%20activity%2C%20takes%20steps%20to%20ensure%20compliance%20with%20agreed%20policies%2C%20and%20provides%20for%20corrective%20action%20in%20cases%20where%20the%20rules%20have%20been%20ignored%20or%20misconstrued.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20need%20for%20assurance%20about%20the%20value%20of%20IT%2C%20the%20management%20of%20IT-related%20risks%20and%20increased%20requirements%20for%20control%20over%20information%20are%20now%20understood%20as%20key%20elements%20of%20enterprise%20governance.%20Value%2C%20risk%20and%20control%20constitute%20the%20core%20of%20IT%20governance.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AIT%20governance%20is%20the%20responsibility%20of%20executives%20and%20the%20board%20of%20directors%2C%20and%20consists%20of%20the%20leadership%2C%20organizational%20structures%20and%20processes%20that%20ensure%20that%20the%20enterprise%20IT%20sustains%20and%20extends%20the%20organizations%20strategies%20and%20objectives.%20%20%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; //maturity buttons[2]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20three%20dimensions%20of%20%3Cspan%3Ematurity%3C/span%3E%2C%20as%20explained%20in%20the%20COBIT%20framework%2C%20are%20capability%2C%20performance%20and%20control.%20They%20can%20be%20used%20to%20be%20more%20precise%20when%20assessing%20maturity%20for%20a%20given%20IT%20process%20in%20a%20specific%20situation.%20The%20application%20of%20these%20dimensions%20is%20left%20to%20the%20COBIT%20user%20to%20decide%20depending%20on%20how%20detailed%20and%20precise%20the%20maturity%20assessment%20needs%20to%20be%20and%20the%20scope%20of%20the%20assessment%20target%20area%20and%20how%20detailed%20and%20precise%20the%20maturity%20assessment%20needs%20to%20be.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0ACapability%20is%20the%20level%20of%20%3Cspan%3Ematurity%3C/span%3E%20required%20in%20the%20process%20to%20meet%20business%20requirements%20%28ideally%20driven%20by%20clearly%20defined%20business%20and%20IT%20goals%29.%20Coverage%20is%20a%20measure%20of%20performance%2C%20i.e.%2C%20how%20and%20where%20the%20capability%20needs%20to%20be%20deployed%20based%20on%20business%20need%2C%20and%20investment%20decisions%20based%20on%20costs%20and%20benefits.%20Control%20is%20a%20measure%20of%20actual%20control%20and%20execution%20of%20the%20process%2C%20in%20managing%20risks%20and%20delivering%20the%20value%20expected%20in%20line%20with%20business%20requirements%20and%20risk%20appetite.%20%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; //performance buttons[3]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20traditional%20view%20of%20%3Cspan%3Eperformance%3C/span%3E%20is%20the%20intersection%20of%20four%20domains%3A%20environment%2C%20technology%2C%20people%2C%20and%20processes.%20Where%20those%20elements%20meet%20is%20where%20performance%20is%20optimized.%20%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AAny%20breakdown%20or%20impediment%20in%20any%20of%20the%20elements%20will%20affect%20performance.%20Examples%20of%20breakdowns%20or%20impediments%20would%20be%20flawed%20business%20processes%2C%20hiring%20the%20wrong%20people%2C%20or%20using%20inadequate%20or%20inappropriate%20tools%20for%20the%20job.%20Environment%20is%20not%20just%20the%20physical%20space%20that%20employees%20work%20in%20%28although%20that%20can%20often%20have%20a%20dramatic%20impact%20on%20human%20performance%29%20but%20also%20encompasses%20the%20external%20working%20environment%3A%20the%20economy%2C%20the%20market%2C%20sales%20territory%2C%20societal%20pressures%2C%20and%20weather.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AOnly%20when%20the%20technology%2C%20people%2C%20processes%2C%20and%20environment%20are%20working%20together%20can%20performance%20be%20optimized.%20Any%20good%20performance%20strategy%20needs%20proper%20knowledge%20and%20experience%20of%20the%20involved%20people.%20After%20discovering%20the%20gaps%2C%20the%20next%20important%20stage%20is%20planning%20for%20improvement.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; //improvment buttons[4]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0A%3Cspan%3EImprovement%3C/span%3E%20is%20an%20efficiency%20method%20intended%20to%20have%20a%20stable%20and%20consistent%20growth%20and%20progress%20of%20all%20the%20segments%20of%20a%20process%20or%20processes.%20Continual%20improvement%20ensures%20the%20process%20stabilization%20and%20further%20improvement.%20When%20an%20organization%27s%20growth%20and%20development%20is%20intended%2C%20identification%20of%20all%20the%20processes%20and%20development%20of%20a%20measurement%20analysis%20of%20each%20process%20step%20is%20necessary.%20Some%20of%20the%20continual%20improvement%20tools%20include%20the%20corrective%20action%20analysis%20and%20preventive%20action%20analysis.%20%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AContinual%20improvement%20is%20recognised%20as%20the%20most%20effective%20way%20for%20companies%20to%20improve%20efficiency%20and%20improve%20quality.%20It%20requires%20management%20support%2C%20feedback%20and%20review%20process%20steps%2C%20clear%20process%20ownership%2C%20employee%20empowerment%20and%20tangible%20metrics%20to%20be%20able%20to%20measure%20the%20result%20of%20process%20improvements.%20Continual%20improvement%20can%20be%20performed%20as%20a%20result%20of%20a%20formal%20service%20review%20or%20escalation%2C%20or%20can%20be%20performed%20as%20a%20proactive%20activity%20by%20anyone%20performing%20a%20process.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; //safety buttons[5]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0AOur%20most%20valuable%20assets%20leave%20the%20building%20every%20day%2C%20a%20general%20manager%20could%20say.%20No%20matter%20the%20occupation%2C%20in%20today%27s%20professional%20work%20area%20people%20are%20quite%20skilled%20and%20difficult%20to%20replace.%20%3Cspan%3ESafety%3C/span%3E%20is%20often%20overlooked%2C%20but%20is%20certainly%20important.%20Worse%2C%20a%20lot%20of%20information%20exists%20only%20in%20the%20employees%20heads.%20The%20need%20for%20safety%20may%20be%20orthogonal%20to%20the%20needs%20of%20security%2C%20which%20is%20the%20need%20to%20ensure%20personnel%20safety%20will%20in%20many%20cases%20require%20accepting%20weaknesses%20in%20other%20objectives.%20At%20the%20end%20of%20the%20day%2C%20if%20you%20believe%20the%20employees%20are%20the%20most%20valuable%20asset%20in%20the%20organization%2C%20safety%20has%20to%20be%20a%20priority.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20role%20of%20information%20security%20is%20protecting%20the%20company%20from%20data%20loss%2C%20outages%20and%20adverse%20publicity%20which%20goes%20way%20beyond%20the%20traditional%20technical%20role%20of%20IT%20security%2C%20such%20as%20firewall%20configurations%20and%20antivirus%20updates.%20Security%20becomes%20much%20more%20a%20function%20of%20risk%20management%2C%20concerned%20with%20business%20priorities%2C%20compliance%20requirements%2C%20and%20prevailing%20threats%20to%20the%20company.%20%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; //relay buttons[6]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20rapid%20growth%20and%20widespread%20use%20of%20electronic%20data%20processing%20and%20electronic%20business%20conducted%20through%20the%20Internet%2C%20along%20with%20numerous%20occurrences%20of%20international%20terrorism%2C%20fuelled%20the%20need%20for%20better%20methods%20of%20protecting%20the%20computers%20and%20the%20information%20they%20store%2C%20process%20and%20transmit.%20The%20disciplines%20of%20computer%20security%2C%20information%20security%20and%20information%20assurance%20emerged%20along%20with%20numerous%20professional%20organizations%20-%20all%20sharing%20the%20common%20goals%20of%20ensuring%20the%20security%20and%20%3Cspan%3Ereliability%3C/span%3E%20of%20information%20systems.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AIn%20the%20context%20of%20IT%20systems%20and%20infrastructures%2C%20%3Cspan%3Ereliability%3C/span%3E%20attribute%20guarantees%20that%20the%20system%20/%20service%20provide%20all%20of%20the%20expected%20delivery%20criteria%20to%20the%20intended%20recipient%28s%29.%20%20Unreliable%20systems%20are%20not%20only%20major%20source%20of%20user%20frustration%2C%20they%20are%20also%20expensive.%20Avoiding%20downtime%20and%20the%20cost%20of%20actual%20downtime%20make%20up%20more%20than%2040%25%20of%20the%20total%20cost%20of%20ownership%20for%20modern%20IT%20systems.%20Unfortunately%2C%20with%20the%20large%20component%20count%20in%20today%27s%20large-scale%20systems%2C%20failures%20are%20quickly%20becoming%20the%20norm%20rather%20than%20the%20exception.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; buttons[7]='%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20difference%20between%20yesterday%27s%20natural%20disasters%20and%20today%27s%20natural%20disasters%20is%20population%20density%20and%20the%20much%20bigger%20financial%20and%20information%20security%20implications.%20What%20we%20have%20seen%20in%20all%20recent%20disasters%20is%20the%20impact%20of%20the%20dense%20population%20centres%20coping%20poorly%20with%20their%20environments%20or%20with%20the%20malicious%20intentions%20of%20others.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E%0D%0A%3Cp%3E%0D%0AThe%20fact%20of%20the%20matter%20is%20that%20most%20businesses%20don%27t%20develop%20a%20disaster%20recovery%20plan%20until%20it%27s%20too%20late.%20Like%20most%20business%20development%20and%20major%20IT%20projects%2C%20a%20business%20continuity%20plan%20requires%20an%20investment%20of%20time%20and%20resources.%20Business%20leaders%20looking%20for%20the%20greatest%20return%20on%20their%20investment%20tend%20to%20put%20off%20business%20continuity%20until%20disaster%20strikes.%20A%20critical%20mistake%20that%20can%20jeopardize%20a%20business%20survival.%0D%0A%3C/p%3E'; dest = document.getElementById('text_menu'); switch(source) { case 'Maturity': source = buttons[2]; break; case 'compliance': source = buttons[0]; break; case 'governance': source = buttons[1]; break; case 'Performance': source = buttons[3]; break; case 'improvement': source = buttons[4]; break; case 'safety': source = buttons[5]; break; case 'reliability': source = buttons[6]; break; case 'continuity': source = buttons[7]; break; } dest.innerHTML=unescape(source); }